ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

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• Researchers demonstrate record speed with advanced spectroscopy technique
• Fast calculation dials in better batteries
• Physicists develop basic principles for mini-labs on chips
• Can life survive a star's death? Webb telescope can reveal the answer
• Security software for autonomous vehicles
• Enormous planet quickly orbiting a tiny, dying star
• Anti-reflective coating inspired by fly eyes
• Next-gen organoids grow and function like real tissues
• Scientist searches for stellar phosphorus to find potentially habitable exoplanets
• Liquid water at 170 degrees Celsius
• Novel photoresist enables 3D printing of smallest porous structures
• Rapid 3D printing with visible light
• Device could help detect signs of extraterrestrial life
• Engineers improve signal processing for small fiber optic cables
• A quantum thermometer for measuring ultra-cold temperatures
• Modern theory from ancient impacts
• Unraveling a spiral stream of dusty embers from a massive binary stellar forge
• Reviewing the quantum material 'engine room'
• New way of controlling conductivity of materials at the nanoscale
• Better material for wearable biosensors
• Fish, seaweed inspire slippery surfaces for ships
• Energy harvesting goes organic, gets more flexible
• Elements of surprise: Neutron stars contribute little, but something's making gold
• Imaging agent spotlights inflammation
• New method to produce gold nanoparticles in cancer cells

Researchers demonstrate record speed with advanced spectroscopy technique Posted: 16 Sep 2020 10:10 AM PDT Researchers have developed an advanced spectrometer that can acquire data with exceptionally high speed. The new spectrometer could be useful for a variety of applications including remote sensing, real-time biological imaging and machine vision.

Fast calculation dials in better batteries Posted: 16 Sep 2020 10:10 AM PDT A simpler and more efficient way to predict the performance of batteries will lead to better batteries, according to engineers.

Physicists develop basic principles for mini-labs on chips Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:36 AM PDT Colloidal particles have become increasingly important for research as vehicles of biochemical agents. In future, it will be possible to study their behavior much more efficiently than before by placing them on a magnetized chip. A research team has discovered that colloidal rods can be moved on a chip quickly, precisely, and in different directions. A pre-programmed magnetic field even enables these controlled movements to occur simultaneously.

Can life survive a star's death? Webb telescope can reveal the answer Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:36 AM PDT When stars like our sun die, all that remains is an exposed core -- a white dwarf. A planet orbiting a white dwarf presents a promising opportunity to determine if life can survive the death of its star, according to researchers.

Security software for autonomous vehicles Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:36 AM PDT Before autonomous vehicles participate in road traffic, they must demonstrate conclusively that they do not pose a danger to others. New software prevents accidents by predicting different variants of a traffic situation every millisecond.

Enormous planet quickly orbiting a tiny, dying star Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT Thanks to a bevy of telescopes in space and on Earth -- and even a pair of amateur astronomers in Arizona -- astronomers have discovered a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting at breakneck speed around a distant white dwarf star.

Anti-reflective coating inspired by fly eyes Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT The eyes of the fruit fly are covered by a thin and transparent coating with anti-reflective, anti-adhesive properties. Researchers discovered that the coating only consists of two ingredients: retinin and corneal wax. They succeeded in artificially reproducing the phenomenon on different kinds of surface. This process, which is very inexpensive and is based on biodegradable materials, could have numerous applications for contact lenses, medical implants and textiles.

Next-gen organoids grow and function like real tissues Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT Bioengineers have created miniature intestines in a dish that match up anatomically and functionally to the real thing better than any other lab-grown tissue models. The biological complexity and longevity of the new organoid technology is an important step towards enabling drug testing, personalized medicine, and perhaps, one day, transplantations.

Scientist searches for stellar phosphorus to find potentially habitable exoplanets Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT A scientist has identified stellar phosphorus as a probable marker in narrowing the search for life in the cosmos. She has developed techniques to identify stars likely to host exoplanets, based on the composition of stars known to have planets, and proposes that upcoming studies target stellar phosphorus to find systems with the greatest probability for hosting life as we know it.

Liquid water at 170 degrees Celsius Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT Using an X-ray laser, a research team has investigated how water heats up under extreme conditions. In the process, the scientists were able to observe water that remained liquid even at temperatures of more than 170 degrees Celsius. The investigation revealed an anomalous dynamic behavior of water, which is of fundamental importance for investigations of sensitive samples using X-ray lasers.

Novel photoresist enables 3D printing of smallest porous structures Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:35 AM PDT Researchers have developed a photoresist for two-photon microprinting. It has now been used for the first time to produce three-dimensional polymer microstructures with cavities in the nano range. The scientists report how porosity can be controlled during printing and how this affects light scattering properties of the microstructures.

Rapid 3D printing with visible light Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:34 AM PDT 3D printing has driven innovations in fields ranging from art to aerospace to medicine. However, the high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light used in most 3D printers to cure liquid resins into solid objects limits the technique's applications. Visible-light curing, which would be more appropriate for some uses, such as tissue engineering and soft robotics, is slow. Now, researchers have developed photopolymer resins that boost the speed of visible-light curing.

Device could help detect signs of extraterrestrial life Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:34 AM PDT Although Earth is uniquely situated in the solar system to support creatures that call it home, different forms of life could have once existed, or might still exist, on other planets. But finding traces of past or current lifeforms on other worlds is challenging. Now, researchers have developed a fully automated microchip electrophoresis analyzer that, when incorporated into a planetary rover, could someday detect organic biosignatures in extraterrestrial soil.

Engineers improve signal processing for small fiber optic cables Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:34 AM PDT Tiny circuits can go the distance. Researchers have mapped a noise-reducing magneto-optical response that occurs in fiber-optic communications, opening the door for new materials technologies.

A quantum thermometer for measuring ultra-cold temperatures Posted: 16 Sep 2020 08:34 AM PDT In everyday life, measuring temperature is pretty straightforward. But in the quantum world, which deals with the super small and the ultra-cold, determining how hot or cold something is starts to get more challenging. Now researchers have described a quantum process that uses a single atom as a thermometer to sensitively measure the temperature of an ultra-cold gas.

Modern theory from ancient impacts Posted: 16 Sep 2020 06:42 AM PDT It is generally accepted that the inner region of the early solar system was subject to an intense period of meteoric bombardment referred to as the late heavy bombardment. However, researchers have found evidence that suggests this period occurred slightly earlier than thought and was less intense but also more prolonged. Such details about this period could impact theories about the early Earth and the dawn of life.

Unraveling a spiral stream of dusty embers from a massive binary stellar forge Posted: 16 Sep 2020 06:42 AM PDT With almost two decades of mid-infrared imaging from the largest observatories around the world including the Subaru Telescope, a team of astronomers was able to capture the spiral motion of newly formed dust streaming from the massive and evolved binary star system WR112. The study reveals the motion of the dusty outflow from the system and identifies WR112 as a highly efficient dust factory that produces an entire Earth mass of dust every year.

Reviewing the quantum material 'engine room' Posted: 16 Sep 2020 06:42 AM PDT An Australian collaboration reviews the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE), one of the most fascinating and important recent discoveries in condensed-matter physics. QAHE allows zero-resistance electrical 'edge paths' in emerging quantum materials such as topological insulators, opening great potential for ultra-low energy electronics.

New way of controlling conductivity of materials at the nanoscale Posted: 16 Sep 2020 06:39 AM PDT A new discovery is an important step towards smaller, more advanced electronics. And maybe more environmentally friendly gadgets, too.

Better material for wearable biosensors Posted: 16 Sep 2020 06:05 AM PDT Researchers have used electrospinning to make porous silicone that allows sweat to evaporate.

Fish, seaweed inspire slippery surfaces for ships Posted: 15 Sep 2020 09:13 AM PDT Fish and seaweed secrete a layer of mucus to create a slippery surface, reducing their friction as they travel through water. A potential way to mimic this is by creating lubricant-infused surfaces covered with cavities. As the cavities are continuously filled with the lubricant, a layer is formed over the surface.

Energy harvesting goes organic, gets more flexible Posted: 15 Sep 2020 09:13 AM PDT The race is on to create natural biocompatible piezoelectric materials for energy harvesting, electronic sensing, and stimulating nerves. A group of researchers has explored peptide-based nanotubes and reports using a combination of ultraviolet and ozone exposure to generate a wettability difference and an applied field to create horizontally aligned polarization of nanotubes on flexible substrates with interlocking electrodes. The work will enable the use of organic materials more widely.

Elements of surprise: Neutron stars contribute little, but something's making gold Posted: 15 Sep 2020 08:00 AM PDT Neutron star collisions do not create the quantity of chemical elements previously assumed, a new analysis of galaxy evolution finds. The research also reveals that current models can't explain the amount of gold in the cosmos - creating an astronomical mystery. The work has produced a new-look Periodic Table, showing the stellar origins of naturally occurring elements from carbon to uranium.

Imaging agent spotlights inflammation Posted: 14 Sep 2020 06:19 AM PDT Researchers have created a new PET imaging agent that detects signs of inflammation. Such a tracer could aid diagnosis and study of diseases ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancer to COVID-19.

New method to produce gold nanoparticles in cancer cells Posted: 11 Sep 2020 08:07 AM PDT Researchers have developed a method of biosynthesizing plasmonic gold nanoparticles within cancer cells, without the need for conventional bench-top lab methods. It has the potential to notably expand biomedical applications.

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