ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

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• Predicting the slow death of lithium-ion batteries
• Virtual reality trains public to reverse opioid overdoses
• ARPA-type funding gives green technology an 'innovation advantage', study finds
• New method to design diamond lattices and other crystals from microscopic building blocks
• Structure of ATPase, the world's smallest turbine, solved
• A warm Jupiter orbiting a cool star
• Researchers create morphing crystals powered by water evaporation
• Infinite chains of hydrogen atoms have surprising properties, including a metallic phase
• Possible marker of life spotted on venus
• DNA damage caused by migrating light energy
• Reducing nitrogen with boron and beer
• Physicists discover new magnetoelectric effect
• Light processing improves robotic sensing, study finds
• On the road to conductors of the future
• Physicists 'trick' photons into behaving like electrons using a 'synthetic' magnetic field
• Fast and efficient method to produce red blood cells developed
• Bioactive nano-capsules to hijack cell behavior
• Painless paper patch test for glucose levels uses microneedles

Predicting the slow death of lithium-ion batteries Posted: 14 Sep 2020 02:29 PM PDT A new model offers a way to predict the condition of a battery's internal systems in real-time with far more accuracy than existing tools. In electric cars, the technology could improve driving range estimates and prolong battery life.

Virtual reality trains public to reverse opioid overdoses Posted: 14 Sep 2020 01:07 PM PDT The United States has seen a 200% increase in the rate of deaths by opioid overdose in the last 20 years. But many of these deaths were preventable. Naloxone, also called Narcan, is a prescription drug that reverses opioid overdoses, and in more than 40 states there is a standing order policy, which makes it available to anyone, without an individual prescription from a healthcare provider.

ARPA-type funding gives green technology an 'innovation advantage', study finds Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:59 AM PDT Startups funded by the U.S. agency ARPA-E file patents at twice the rate of similar cleantech firms. The United Kingdom should trial its own climate-focused ARPA as part of COVID-19 recovery package, argue experts.

New method to design diamond lattices and other crystals from microscopic building blocks Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:59 AM PDT Researchers describe a technique for using LEGO®-like elements at the scale of a few billionths of a meter. Further, they are able to cajole these design elements to self-assemble, with each LEGO® piece identifying its proper mate and linking up in a precise sequence to complete the desired nanostructure.

Structure of ATPase, the world's smallest turbine, solved Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:41 AM PDT The chemical ATP, adenosine triphosphate, is the fuel that powers all life. Despite ATP's central role, the structure of the enzyme generating ATP, F1Fo-ATP synthase, in mammals, including humans, has not been known so far. Now, scientists report the first complete structure of the mammalian F1Fo-ATP synthase. This structure also settles a debate on how the permeability transition pore, a structure involved in cell death, cancer, and heart attacks, forms.

A warm Jupiter orbiting a cool star Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:41 AM PDT A planet observed crossing in front of, or transiting, a low-mass star has been determined to be about the size of Jupiter.

Researchers create morphing crystals powered by water evaporation Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:22 AM PDT New study details the design of materials that enable clean and sustainable water evaporation energy that can be harvested and efficiently converted into motion with the potential to power future mechanical devices and machines.

Infinite chains of hydrogen atoms have surprising properties, including a metallic phase Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:22 AM PDT An infinite chain of hydrogen atoms is just about the simplest bulk material imaginable -- a never-ending single-file line of protons surrounded by electrons. Yet a new computational study combining cutting-edge methods finds that the material boasts remarkable quantum properties, including the chain transforming from a magnetic insulator into a metal. The computational methods used in the study present a significant step toward custom-designing materials with sought-after properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity.

Possible marker of life spotted on venus Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:22 AM PDT Astronomers have discovered a rare molecule -- phosphine -- in the clouds of Venus. On Earth, this gas is only made industrially or by microbes that thrive in oxygen-free environments. Astronomers have speculated for decades that high clouds on Venus could offer a home for microbes -- floating free of the scorching surface but needing to tolerate very high acidity. The detection of phosphine could point to such extra-terrestrial 'aerial' life.

DNA damage caused by migrating light energy Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:22 AM PDT Ultraviolet light endangers the integrity of human genetic information and may cause skin cancer. For the first time, researchers have demonstrated that DNA damage may also occur far away from the point of incidence of the radiation. They produced an artificially modeled DNA sequence in new architecture and detected DNA damage at a distance of 30 DNA building blocks.

Reducing nitrogen with boron and beer Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:22 AM PDT The industrial conversion of nitrogen to ammonium provides fertilizer for agriculture. Chemists have now achieved this conversion at room temperature and low pressure using only light elements.

Physicists discover new magnetoelectric effect Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:21 AM PDT A special material was found, which shows a surprising new effect: Its electrical properties can be controlled with a magnetic field. This effect works completely differently than usual. It can be controlled in a highly sensitive way.

Light processing improves robotic sensing, study finds Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:21 AM PDT A team of researchers uncovered how the human brain processes bright and contrasting light, which they say is a key to improving robotic sensing and enabling autonomous agents to team with humans.

On the road to conductors of the future Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:21 AM PDT Superconducting wires can transport electricity without loss. This would allow for less power production, reducing both costs and greenhouse gasses. Unfortunately, extensive cooling stands in the way, because existing superconductors only lose their resistance at extremely low temperatures. Scientists have now introduced new findings about hydrogen sulfide in the H(3)S form, and its deuterium analogue D(3)S, which become superconducting at the relatively high temperatures of -77 and -107 °C, respectively.

Physicists 'trick' photons into behaving like electrons using a 'synthetic' magnetic field Posted: 14 Sep 2020 08:21 AM PDT Scientists have discovered an elegant way of manipulating light using a 'synthetic' Lorentz force -- which in nature is responsible for many fascinating phenomena including the Aurora Borealis.

Fast and efficient method to produce red blood cells developed Posted: 14 Sep 2020 06:59 AM PDT Researchers have developed a faster and more efficient way to manufacture red blood cells that cuts down on cell culture time by half. The cells are frozen in liquid nitrogen and thawed on demand to produce matured RBCs in only 11 days, removing the need for continuous 23-day manufacturing. The team also designed complementary technology for more targeted cell sorting and purification.

Bioactive nano-capsules to hijack cell behavior Posted: 14 Sep 2020 06:59 AM PDT Many diseases are caused by defects in signaling pathways of body cells. In the future, bioactive nanocapsules could become a valuable tool for medicine to control these pathways. Researchers have taken an important step in this direction: They succeed in having several different nanocapsules work in tandem to amplify a natural signaling cascade and influence cell behavior.

Painless paper patch test for glucose levels uses microneedles Posted: 14 Sep 2020 06:58 AM PDT Researchers have developed a microneedle patch for monitoring glucose levels using a paper sensor. The device painlessly monitors fluid in the skin within seconds. Anyone can use the disposable patch without training, making it highly practical. Additionally, fabrication is easy, low cost, and the glucose sensor can be swapped for other paper-based sensors that monitor other important biomarkers.

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